Indian National Satellite System (INSAT)-3DS
Indian National Satellite System (INSAT)
- A series of multipurpose Geo-stationary satellites.
- Launched to satisfy the telecommunications, broadcasting, meteorology, and search and rescue needs of India.
- First commissioned in 1983.
- Examples:
- EDUSAT launched in 2004.
- Combination of two satellites INSAT-3D and INSAT-3DR.
- GSAT satellite.
INSAT-3DS Satellite:
- Follow-on mission of Third Generation Meteorological Satellite from Geostationary Orbit.
- Designed for enhanced meteorological observations.
- Augment along with the presently operational INSAT-3D and INSAT-3DR satellites.
- Fully funded by Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES).
- Advantages:
- Short-range forecasts of extreme weather.
- Provide visibility estimation for aviation.
- Help in studying forest fire, smoke, snow cover, climate studies.
NASA-ISRO SAR or NISAR mission:
- Joint Earth-observing mission between NASA & ISRO.
- Aim - make global measurements of causes & consequences of land surface changes using advanced radar imaging.
- Uses two different radar frequencies - L-band and S-band.
- Map entire globe in 12 days.
- Signed in 2014 and it is expected to be launched this year.
- NASA - L-band synthetic aperture radar, a high rate communication subsystem for science data, GPS receivers, a solid-state recorder & payload data subsystem.
- ISRO - spacecraft bus, the S-band radar, the launch vehicle and associated launch services.
Practice Question – Prelims
Consider the following statements regarding NISAR:
1. It is a joint Earth-Observation mission by ISRO and NASA.
2. It will be able to observe minor changes in land, vegetation, and cryosphere.
3. It is a dual-band radar imaging mission.
How many statements given above is/are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Census
Practice Question – Mains GS I
Discuss how the delay in the 2021 Census could impact the implementation of targeted welfare schemes like the PM JANMAN package for these communities.
(250 Words, 15 Marks)
Background
- 2021 Census Delay: Led to reliance on PM Gati Shakti portal for estimating PVTG populations, resulting in varying estimates
- Importance of Accurate Data: Essential for the implementation of the ₹24,000 crore PM-JANMAN package aimed at PVTGs
Census Overview
- Definition: Census is a comprehensive snapshot of the nation's population and their socio-economic status at a specific time
- Conducted every 10 years
- by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner under the Ministry of Home Affairs
- Governed by the Census Act, 1948, introduced by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
- Constitutional Mandate: Census is a Union subject, highlighting its national importance
Historical Insights
- Early Attempts: First attempts in cities like Allahabad (1824) and Banaras (1827-28), with the first complete city census in Dacca (1830)
- Organized Efforts: Initiated by Fort St. George in 1836-37; directive for quinquennial returns in 1849
- First Non-synchronous Census: Conducted in 1872 during Lord Mayo's tenure
- First Synchronous Census: Conducted in 1881 under W.C. Plowden, marking a significant milestone
- Modern Developments: Introduction of the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) in 2011
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)
- Definition: Subset of tribal communities identified as more vulnerable due to their distinct culture and living conditions
- Origin: Concept introduced by the Dhebar Commission in 1973
- 'Primitive Tribal Groups', renamed in 2006 to PVTGs
- Current Status: 75 PVTGs identified among the 705 Scheduled Tribes in India
Raisina Dialogue
Raisina Dialogue
- India’s flagship conference on geopolitics and geo-strategy
- Organizers: Ministry of External Affairs & Observer Research Foundation (ORF)
- Aim: Address most challenging issues being faced by the global community
- Occurs: Annually
- Participants: Leaders from politics, business, media, and civil society converge in New Delhi
- Agenda: Discuss state of the world and explore opportunities for cooperation on contemporary matters
- Hosts: Observer Research Foundation & Ministry of External Affairs
Significance of the Summit
- Forum for promoting India-Centric Thinking
- Platform for various international leaders to shape the contours of global rule-based order
- Opportunity for private players to voice concerns on global issues
- Showcase the growing global influence of the summit
Practice Question – Prelims
Which among the following statements best describes the Raisina Dialogue recently seen in news?
1. It is a conference conducted by United Nations.
2. It is a conference on geopolitics and geoeconomics.
3. It addresses the most challenging issues faced by the global community.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) All the above
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